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Takht-I-Bahi | N.W.F.P


Takht-I-Bahi is another exciting historical site that you can visit on your tour to Pakistan. Located about 80 kilometres from Peshawar, Takht-I-Bahi has ruins of an ancient Buddhist monastery atop a hill.

A French officer General Court in the court of Maharaja Ranjit Singh first mentioned about Takht-I-Bahi in 1836. The monastery is believed to date back to the 2nd or 3rd century AD. Takht-I-Bahi is an impressive Buddhist Monastery in Pakistan. The site has rectangular court and the small shrines that surround the stupa-court. The shrines are classical example of fine design and architecture. The hill offers magnificent views of the surrounding area.

The site is a great source of information on Buddhism and the way of life people here used to follow. The site is an excellent example of brilliant planning and scientific architecture. Song Yun, a Chinese pilgrim, who visited the region, describes Takht-I-Bahi as one of the important city lying on the commercial route to India.

Excavations of the site have unearthed a number of building blocks like the courtyard, the main stupa, assembly hall and the low level chambers.

It is a wonderful experience to tour Takht-I-Bahi. A tour to Takht-I-Bahi is not only about history. The tour also offers a wonderful opportunity to know and understand the culture of the region.

The Sheesh Mahal


The Sheesh Mahal (The Palace of Mirrors)is located within the Shah Burj block in northern-western corner of Lahore Fort. It was constructed under the reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1631-32. The ornate white marble pavilion is inlaid with pietra dura and complex mirror-work of the finest quality. The hall was reserved for personal use by the imperial family and close aides. It is among the 21 monuments that were built by successive Mughal emperors inside Lahore Fort, and forms the jewel in the Fort’s crown. As part of the larger Lahore Fort Complex, it has been inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1981.

History

The solid brick foundations of Lahore Fort were laid in 1566 under the reign of Mughal emperor Akbar the Great on the location of an earlier mud-fort. To build the new fort, the Emperor brought experienced artisans after the completion of Fatehpur Sikri.Later, Shah Jahan converted the fort into a pleasure resort and added Diwan-i-Khas, Moti Masjid, Naulakha Pavilion, sleeping chambers, and Sheesh Mahal in to the complex. Sheesh Mahal is located within the Shah Burj (King’s Pavilion) block that was actually built by his predecessor Jahangir. The chamber was exclusively used for private council meetings as part of the daily routine of the emperor, whereas the whole block was only accessible to the imperial princes, the vizier, and selected courtiers.The extension work of private quarters by Shah Jahan continued between 1628 and 1634. The distinctive Shah Jahani architecture is reflected in the extensive use of white marble and hierarchical accents of the construction.During the Sikh Empire, Shah Burj became Ranjit Singh’s favourite place. He built a harem over the top of Sheesh Mahal.This was also the place where he used to display his prized possession, the Koh-i-Noor.

Design

The sheesh mahal was built by a famous achitect of mughals. It was built in the middle of Akbar’s rule. The façade, comprising of five cusped marble arches supported by coupled columns, opens into the courtyard. The engrailed spandrels and bases are inlaid with precious stones. The pavilion is in the form of a semi-octagon, and consists of apartments roofed with gilded cupolas and intricately decorated with pietra dura and convex glass and mirror mosaic (ayina kari) with thousands of small mirrors.The decorative features also include stucco tracery (munabat kari) and carved marble screens in geometrical and tendril designs. The roof of the central hall rises up to two storeys. The hall was originally decorated with fresco paintings that were later replaced with glass mosaic in different colours.

Art Galleries in Pakistan






With its culturally rich and energetic art scene, Pakistani art is now accepted and regarded as creative and highly animated all around the world, where ever art is appreciated and known with its expatriation. There are a lot of art galleries in the major cities of Pakistan displaying the works of internationally famous Pakistani artists as well as the budding lot of Pakistani artists. Here is a list of some of the famous art galleries in Pakistan where one can have a piece of real Pakistani art on display and for sale.

Lahore_museum1Lahore Museum Art Gallery

The Art gallery lies straight down the corridor from the main entrance to the Lahore Museum. Past the wooden screen lies the Miniature Paintings Gallery, where rare exhibits are displayed on either side. Before you get absorbed in the details of the miniatures, take a look at the mural on the ceiling painted by Sadequain. The miniature paintings have been arranged in chronological order of development, beginning with illustrations from a 16th century Jaina Kalpa Sutra and some rare illustrations of Laur and Chanda romance. Persian, Mughal, Provincial and Bazaar Mughal paintings and works of minor ateliers of Rajput states in Rajasthan are also part of the collection. The gallery also holds exhibitions regularly.

Sim-Sim Art Gallery- Lahore

A standing little emblem of art near the famous Orega center in Lahore, Sim Sim art gallery is not just for exhibitions but basically an art on sale outlet. The interior is well defined and carries an ambiance of creativity and modernity. Displaying the works of the contemporary artists in Pakistan, Sim-Sim art gallery is helping promote the talented artists of Pakistan who believe in self expression and catharsis.

Shakir Ali Musesum & Art Gallery- Lahore

A true piece of art… Dwelling on the residence plot of the pioneer of modern art in Pakistan, Shakir Ali, the museum is a wonderful and awesome architectural phenomenon of the artist’s creativity. This great artist was born in India, received his basic education in India, and studied arts from the JJ school of arts Bombay. Then his trip to England for further studies brought a major turn in his life, where he learns classical paintings and textile designing, two contradictory fields of art. Shakir Ali museum was the artist’s personal lodging, which took ten years for construction but unfortunately ten months after the completion of the house the artist died. The place has an amazing architectural beauty and wonderfully designed rooms, the ambiance here reminds you of a never-ending passion for creativity. It is still warm with the colors that stroked the canvas with life, and things still speaking of the life of the great artist of Pakistan.

Crow eaters Gallery- Lahore

LHR-Crow-eatersglryNamed after the entropy of Sub-Continental harmony, a semi autobiographical novel by Bapsi Sidhwa, Crow Eaters is a pulsating fascination of aesthetics and modernity. The Gallery is located at the lower end of The Mall, the vibrant region of Lahore opposite Anarkali Bazaar lending a touch of the cultural and social dithyrambs. Exhibiting works, of the creative mentors of Art as well as young artisan’s hankerings, it provides communion between the artistic expressions and the people. The gallery is rather small, and a narrow staircase leads to the top floor the altar of crafts-man-ship. The work on display engulfs the genuine traditional and modern concepts of Art in Pakistan, irrefutably awesome in its displays of varying mediums of art.

93-Tipo Block, New Garden Town

Lahore, Pakistan

Co-opera Book Shop & Art Gallery- Lahore

At the heart of Lahore, on The Mall (Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam), near the well known Regal Stop, The Co-opera Book Shop & Art Gallery harbors a trove of art in the basement. Encouraging new talents and established artists, the Gallery exhibits works by artists from all over Pakistan, irrespective of the school, whether it be modern abstract and impressionism, or classic realism and miniatures. There’s room for all forms and mediums of art. Almost all the works on display are for sale, except for some permanent exhibits of the Gallery. The gallery is divided artistically into three sections, the entrance being dedicated to books and literature. A long gallery with lively watercolor paintings and calligraphy precedes the main display area. In the main room, exhibits include oil paintings, woodcarvings, prints, and the awesome display of the art of sculpture and carving. One room is solely dedicated to miniature art, defining various eras of Mughal art. Supporting all the literary and artistic activities in Pakistan, the gallery usually holds exhibitions twice a month.

farrer-hall-karachiGallerie Sadequain- Karachi

Gallerie Sadequain Karachi This gallery is located within the historic building of Frere Hall, on Fatima Jinnah Road, in the Sadar area of Karachi. The art gallery is on the first floor of the Frere Hall. The ceiling of the art gallery was painted by Sadequain, one of the most well-known painters of Pakistan.

The enormous mural is an impressive work of art in Sadequain style. The art gallery regularly puts up amateur exhibitions in order to promote arts in the city. Frere Hall, Fatima Jinnah Road

Art Gallery- Karachi

Presenting art, in the Dhoraji Colony’s Rangoonwala Community Center, is the V.M. Art Gallery. Established in 1987, it is a project of ZVM Rangoonwala Trust, a renowned business house that has made laudable effort in the field of art and culture. The gallery was established with the objective of promoting advancement in art education and encouraging the fine arts. It serves as an outlet for senior and amateur artists; an important display venue for the young and for the established. The art gallery has its own permanent collection, titled ‘Rangoonwala Art Collection”. Apart from arranging exhibitions the art house also arranges slide presentations.

Art Collectors Gallery- Karachi

This gallery is located on Khyaban-e-Roomi, in Old Clifton, close to the Chawkandi Art gallery and the famed Zamzama boulevard of Karachi. The gallery is managed by Ali Imam and periodically exhibits works of established and young artists of Pakistan.

D-68, Block 7, Khyaban-e-Roomi, Clifton

Karachi, Pakistan

The Indus Gallery- Karachi

The Indus Gallery is one of the oldest and the longest running art gallery in Karachi. It was established by Ali Imam, one of the most well known painters of Pakistan. The gallery takes its name from the river system that runs through Pakistan. Along its banks flourished the world’s oldest advanced civic culture 8000 years ago known as the Indus Valley Civilization. Carrying the tradition forth, the Indus Art Gallery promotes the arts and crafts that have flourished here, over the centuries. It has played a pivotal role in popularizing art; the viewing and purchasing of works in Pakistan. For an unknown artist, an exhibition at the Indus Gallery means instant recognition. Established visiting artists from other parts of the world have also chosen this venue to display their work.

nag-0250-A/1 Street 1, Bath Island

The National Art Gallery- Islamabad

The entrance to the Art Gallery is at the rear of the house. The Gallery has an entrance hall and two main halls on the ground floor with two more exhibition halls on the upper floor. A concealed stairway separates the two halls on the ground floor; one of these halls has Sadequains artwork on display, while the others can be hired for organizing art exhibitions. In case you are keen on specifically seeing Sadequain’s work, it would be advisable to check with the Gallery in-charge and confirm.

Timeline of Pakistan Movement:





1817 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan born at Delhi
9th December 1837 Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk born at Etawah fondly known as Sayed Mehdi Ali
24th March 1841 Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk born, who was named Mushtaq Hussain
10 May 1857 War of Independence started in Bengal by Indian soldiers against British.
1858 AD Soon after independence war, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan started Aligarh Movement.
1866 AD Deoband Movement along with Aligarh movement was also started by Haji Muhammad Abid and Maulana Muhammad Yaqub
14th April 1866 Deoband Madrasah started functioning under leadership of Maulana Muhammad Yaqub
1867 AD Urdu-Hindi controversy began
25th December 1876 Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah born
1877 Dr. Alama Muhammad Iqbal born at Sialkot
1881 First Census of Sub-Continent
March 1884 Anjuman Himayat-i-Islam was set up by Maulana Qazi Hamid-ud-Din and his pupil Maulvi Ghulamullah Qasuri
22th September 1884 Anjuman Himayat-i-Islam was formally announced and Qazi Hamid-ud-Din became first President of Anjuman
1885 Indian National Congress established by Allan Octavian Hume
1891 AD Hunza, remote kingdom bordering China fell into hands of British, bringing an and to the expansion of British Raj
8th September 1892 Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy born at Midnapur in East Bengal
1893 Durand Line demarcated
1894 Nadva-tul-Ulama started in Lucknow
July 1894 Khawaja Nazimuddin born
1st October 1896 Nawabzada Liaquat Ali Khan born
27th March 1898 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan passed away
15 July 1905 Chaudry Muhammad Ali born at Jullundur
16th October 1905 Bengal was partitioned into Asam and Bengal
1st October 1906 Shimla Deputant was presented to Viceroy Lord Minto
30 December 1906 All India Muslim League established at the annual meeting of Muhammadan Educational Conference at Dacca under chairmanship of Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk
14th May 1907 General Muhammad Ayub Khan born at Rehana Village in Hazara NWFP
16th October 1907 Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mul died
1913 Quaid-e-Azam joined Muslim League
20th January 1915 Ghulam Ishaq Khan born at Ismail Khel Bannu, NWFP
December 1916 Lucknow Pact (Meesaqh-e-Lucknow)
27th January 1917 Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk passed away after having a stroke of paralysis, he was buried at Amroha
1919 AD Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali lauched Khilfat Movement after World War I, which lasted until 1924
12th August 1924 General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq born at Jalundhar
1927 AD The Delhi Proposals were formally approved at conference of Muslim League
November 1927 British government appointed Simon commission under John Simon
1928 Nehru Report
5th January 1928 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto born
28th March1929 Quaid-e-Azam presented 14 points in Delhi Muslim Conference
1930 Allahbad, Muslim League Annual Conference
12th November 1930 First Round Table Conference held in London
5th March 1931 The agreement between Viceroy Lord Irwin and Indian National Congress’s leader Dandhi was signed, known as Gandhi-Irwin Pact
21st March 1931 All India Muslim Conference held at Lahore addressed by Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal
14th August 1931 Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi born at New Jatoi, Sindh
7th September 1931 Second Round Table Conference was held in London
18th August 1932 Muhammad Khan Janejo born at Sindhri, Sindh
17th November 1932 Third Round Table Conference was held in London
28th January 1933 Name “Pakistan” was used by Chaudary Rehmat Ali
1934 Quaid-e-Azam took control of Muslim League
21st April 1938 Allama Muhammad Iqbal died, and buried in front of Badshahi Mosque in Lahore
1939 Muslim League established in Balochistan
23rd March 1940 27th Annual session of Muslim League and Pakistan Resolution
19th May 1940 Sardar Farooq Ahmad Khan born at Dera Ghazi Khan
22nd March 1942 British sent Stafford Cripps with constitutional proposals, known as Cripps Proposals
1943 Muslim League established its 1st Ministary in Sindh
17th July 1944 Gandhi invited Quad-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah for talks
19th September 1944 Gandhi-Jinnah talks began and finished on 24th September 1944
11th January 1946 Muslim League calibrated Day of Victory (Yom-e-Najat)
24th March 1946 Cabinet Mission arrived from Britain
16th May 1946 Cabinet Mission put forward its proposals
24th May 1946 India National Congress accepted Cabinet Mission Proposals
6th June 1946 Muslim League accepted Cabinet Mission Proposals
22nd March 1947 Lord Mountbatten arrived as last Viceroy
3rd June 1947 Lord Mountbatten announced plan of Partition, called 3rd June 1947 Plan
18th July 1947 Indian Independence Act passed in British parliament.
14th August 1947 Partition of Sub-Continent into Pakistan and India, Quad-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the first Governor General of Pakistan, and Liaqaut Ali Khan the first Prime Minister